摘要
In an effort to improve the quality and consistency of trials in China′s court system, the Supreme People′s Court made a significant change in the Chinese legal system by creating the Guiding Cases System. Different from binding precedents in the common law system, China′s GCS requires judges in the people′s courts at all levels to refer to guiding cases when adjudicating similar cases. Although the GCS is expected to improve China′s judicial system, making the GCS a reality is a challenge because the GCS is a relatively new concept to judicial organs in China, and requires a broad understanding of the legal rationale of guiding cases and their interaction with the domestic legal system. As a result, implementing the GCS in China has been challenging. It has been suggested that these challenges be addressed through the defining of the criteria for guiding case selection, by unifying the release method of guiding cases, regulating the application of guiding cases, by clarifying the relevant provisions on 'refer to', 'should refer to' and 'similar cases', and finally by setting up incentive and supervision mechanisms and promoting judicial reform in China.
为了提高我国法院审判质量和统一法律适用,最高人民法院建立了案例指导制度,给我国法律体系带来了巨大变革。指导性案例与西方的"判例"有本质上的区别,要求各级人民法院审判类似案例时应当参照。虽然案例指导制度对完善我国审判制度发挥着重要作用,但是实现案例指导制度面临着诸多挑战。主要由于案例指导制度还是一个相对较新的概念,需要充分掌握对指导性案例的法理原理和与国内法律体系的融合。这些挑战可以通过以下方式加以应对: 明确指导性案例的选择条件、统一指导性案例的发布方式、规范指导性案例的适用,明确"参照"、"应当参照"和"类似案例"的相关规定,设立激励与监督机制以及完善我国司法改革。
