“轮流谈论政治和诗歌”

"Talking by Turns of Politics and Poetry"

本文源自一个更大的研究宪章派诗歌的项目,由三部分组成。第一部分探讨我们在何种程度上可以断言宪章派诗歌具有能动作用这一问题。第二部分尝试辨别宪章派诗歌中体现出的历史知识属于哪一个特殊种类。第三部分详尽分析两首宪章派诗歌,借此来验证前面两个理论部分的实际应用。本文指出,"宪章派想象"既支持着宪章派诗歌所欣赏的能动作用,也构成了体现在宪章派诗歌中的历史知识的独特形式。宪章派诗歌通过使工人阶级的自修者接触新的观念而在总体的意识形态斗争领域发挥了能动作用。宪章派诗歌能动地塑造了宪章运动的价值观、策略和身份认同,而不是对它们的被动反映。宪章运动具有一种根深蒂固的、近乎本能式的理解:审美是对功利主义和自由放任的经济的任何抵抗的必要组成部分。宪章派诗歌展示了一种超出宪章运动正式的理论能力的政治理解程度。宪章派诗歌捕捉"解决的社会经验"的能力及其提高我们感受力的能力的联姻,既构建了其自身独特的历史知识,也构建了其自身政治能动作用。

This paper,as part of a larger project on Chartist poetry,can be divided into three parts.The first part explores to what extent Chartist poetry can be said to possess agency.The second part attempts to identify the particular kind of historical knowledge embedded in Chartist poetry.The third part offers a detailed analysis of two Chartist poems so as to demonstrate the application of the theories of the two preceding sections.The paper argues that'Chartist Imaginary'both underpins the agency enjoyed by,and constitutes the unique form of historical knowledge embodied in Chartist poetry,which plays an active role in the realm of general ideological struggle through exposing the working-class autodidact to new ideas.Chartist poetry actively shapes rather than passively reflects the Chartist movement's values,strategy and identity.Chartism possesses a deep-seated,almost instinctual apprehension that the aesthetic is a necessary part of any resistance to utilitarianism and laissez-faire economics.Chartist poetry exhibits a political understanding beyond the apprehensive capability of Chartist Movement.Chartist poetry's ability to capture'social experience in solution'and its ability to increase our aesthetic capabilities constitute both its distinct historical knowledge and political agency.