俄罗斯形式论学派在西方文论界的“旅行”

Russian Formalism's"Trip"to the Western Literary Critical Circle

20世纪60年代以降,美、英、法、德、瑞典及斯堪的纳维亚半岛诸国的文学家,均对俄罗斯形式论学派的著作进行了译介与传播,美国学者维克多·埃利希、法国学者克洛德·列维-施特劳斯、茨维坦·托多罗夫、朱莉娅·克里斯蒂娃、德国学者尤里·施特里特都有对俄罗斯形式论诗学的评论与研究。这是现代文学理论跨文化"旅行"的一个有趣的现象。本文对于我们了解俄罗斯形式论学派被西方学者"拿去"之后在异域的移植与再生,对于我们透视俄罗斯形式论学派在西方学界接受视野中的投影与变形,进而反观俄罗斯形式论学派的命运,提供了重要的资料线索。

Ever since the 1960s,scholars of literary studies from the US,Britain, France,Germany,Sweden and other Scandinavian countries have all participated in the translation and introduction of the works of Russian Formalism.American scholar Victor Erlich,French scholar Claude Lévi-Strauss,Tzvetan Todorov,Julia Kristeva,German scholar Yurij Striedter all contributed to the study and criticism of poetic theories of Russian Formalism,an interesting case of modern literary theory's cross—culture'trip.'This paper will provide important clues for readers to understand the transplantation and regeneration of Russian Formalism after its being taken to the foreign countries by Western scholars, and will reveal its projection and disfiguration in the Western context,so as to throw light on the fate of Russian Formalism.