论马尔库塞与弗洛伊德的学术缘分

The Preordained Academic Relationship between Marcuse and Freud

马尔库塞很早就受到弗洛伊德心理学的影响,他用弗洛伊德理论来考察当下社会,认为现代文明对人的最大伤害在于对人的本能的压抑。弗洛伊德对于艺术和审美的看法给了马尔库塞很大的启发,而顺着弗洛伊德探讨人的本能结构的思路,马尔库塞研究了现代"文明"的辩证法,对文明的进步和技术的发展提出了新的解释。心理学理论使马尔库塞获得了一个新的哲学批判的理论武器。

From his early days Marcuse had received influence from Freud's psychology. By using Freudian theory to examine the society,he came to a conclusion that the maximum harm that modern civilization did to a person is its repression of his instincts.Inspired by Freud's view of art and aesthetics,Marcuse continued Freud's exploration of human instinct structure,and started the study of dialectics of modern civilization.He presented a new explanation to the progress of civilization and development of technology.The theories of psychology equipped Marcuse with a new theory weapon for philosophic criticism.