从“诗文评”到“文艺学”——论“中国20世纪文艺学学术史”

From Poetics to Theory of Literature and Art—The Academic History of The 20^(th) century Theory of Literature and Art of China

20世纪中国文艺学学术史实际上是从古典形态的诗文评转化为现代形态的文艺学的历史。从诗文评到文艺学的转换根本上是学术范型的转换,即从古典形态的诗文评的学术范型转变为现代形态的文艺学的学术范型。这个过程经历了"蓄势"期、"蜕变"期、"定格"期、"突破(反叛)"期,今天仍处于转变中。研究文艺学学术史应以问题为纲、以社会文化为维度、内史与外史相结合。我们应从这段历史吸取必要的经验教训,避免学术政治化,要真正实行双百方针,坚定不移地走开放之路,以促进今天的文艺学建设。

The history of the 20^(th) century theory of literature and art of China is really the transformation from the classical poetics to the modern theories of literature and art.It is in essence a change in academic paradigm,from the classical paradigm of poetics to the modern paradigm of theory of literature and art.The process still continues after the four stages of accumulation,transformation,formation,and breakthrough(subversion). Study of the 20^(th) century theory of literature and art should center on real problems, take the stance of social culture,and give regard to both the native and the foreign history.We should draw lessons from that history and avoid politicization of academics.We should honestly apply the Two Hundred's Policy('let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend') and stick to the openingup policy so as to promote today's construction of theory of literature and art.