高原与低浓度一氧化碳联合作用对汽车驾驶员神经行为功能的影响

A Study on the Combined Effect Hypoxia and Low Concentration CO at High Altitude on Ne obehavior of Drivers

本文采用自身对照方法,对低浓度一氧化碳驾驶环境中的汽车驾驶员分别在海拔2800米、3650米和4600米地区进行了神经行为功能测试。在三个海拔高度.当驾驶室内气温和风速无明显变化、一氧化碳浓度分别为21.8mg/m^3、23.3mg/m^3、24.7mg/m^3时,驾驶员的神经行为功能随海拔增高而明显变化,消极情绪得分不断增加、积极情绪得分逐渐减少;反映驾驶灵敏度、注意力和精确性的指标得分显著下降;反应时间延长、记忆力减退。三个海拔高度之间相比较,其差异多数有显著性意义。提示高原低氧环境与低浓度一氧化碳联合作用可使汽车驾驶员的驾驶能力下降,影响行车安全。

Neurobehavior of 10 drivers driving at 2,800,3,650and 4,600 metersabove sea level were studied,with minimum variation in temperatureand wind velocity,aversge CO concentration in the driver's cab were atthe range 22.8±16.3mg/m^3at these altitudes.With increasing altitude the driver's negative mood state scores were increased while their positive mood state score decreases,which reflected a downward declie of their sensitivity,attention and accurancy in driving.The time required for an emergent reaction was delayed with memory failure.The score differ significantly among the three altitudes.These results indicated that the combined effect of hypoxiaand low concentration of CO at high altitudes lowered drivrer's alertness and the safety of driving.