技术溢出的空间路径及对城市集聚的影响机制研究——35个大中城市的面板分析

Space Path of Technology Spillovers and Its Effect on Urban Agglomeration: On Data from 35 Large and Medium Cities

在新经济地理的分析框架下构建城市集聚空间模型,系统分析技术溢出以及其他一些重要因素对城市集聚的影响机制,同时使用中国35个大中城市的面板数据对技术溢出的路径进行经验分析。研究表明:局部技术溢出可以提升系统内城市集聚水平,全局技术溢出对系统集聚结构没有影响,但可以提升全系统的生产率;城市居民消费结构、消费多样性偏好度、贸易成本,以及城市拥挤成本是影响城市经济集聚的重要因素,城市集聚水平与居民工业品消费支出占其总支出的份额、消费者产品多样性的偏好度正相关,与公共品边际成本增速、贸易自由度负相关;从技术溢出的路径看,外商直接投资、公共教育、信息服务等的溢出效应比较显著,而企业自身研发活动的技术溢出则不明显。

This paper builds a space model of urban agglomeration in NEG framew ork to systematically analyze technology spillovers mechanism and other important factors on urban agglomeration,and data of 35 large and medium cities are used to investigate the spillover path in China. The research show s: Local technology spillovers can promote urban agglomeration in the system,global technology spillovers have no effect on the agglomeration structure,but it can raise production efficiency of the w hole system. The consume structure,diversity of consumer preference,trade cost,and congestion cost are important factors of urban agglomeration,and the urban agglomeration has a positive relationship w ith industrial product consumption ratio and diversity preference of consumer and a negative relationship w ith trade freedom and the increasing rate of public goods. From the perspective of technology spillovers path,the technology spillover of FDI,public education and information service is significant,w hile the technology spillovers of firm 's ow n R&D is insignificant.