WTO在可持续发展与自由化追求上的冲突及协调

On the Conflicts and Coordination of the WTO's Pursuit of Liberalism and Sustainable Development

可持续发展观和工业社会发展观是两种不同的社会经济发展理论 ,在WTO规范中表现为可持续发展与贸易、投资自由化的关系。从具体条款上看 ,WTO是在工业社会发展观的基础上修修补补地注入了可持续发展的精神 ,致使二者在许多规则的规定上相互不一致。在可持续发展条件下逐步实现自由化应是WTO协调二者关系的出发点 ,在制订多边规则时 ,要充分考虑各国的经济发展水平 ,遵循“共同而有区别的责任”原则 ;在实践上必须建立国际经济新体制来作保障。

Views on sustainable development and industrial and social development differentiate each other in the social economic development theories, stated in the WTO provisions as the relationship between sustainable development and liberalism of trade and investment. The provisions disclose sustainable development is only an amendment to the industrial and social development, producing inconsistency in many WTO provisions. A gradual realization of liberalism under the condition of sustainable development is the solution to the problem. Therefore, an adequate recognition of different economic development levels in different countries becomes necessary in the making of multi-lateral regulations and a 'common-but-differentiated-duty' principle must be followed. In practice, the establishment of a new international economic order becomes inevitable.