《李尔王》的男性意识——从女性主义文学批评角度对《李尔王》的解读

The Male Consciousness of King Lear——The Interpretation of King Lear from the Perspective of Feminism

从女性主义文学批评的角度对莎士比亚的戏剧《李尔王》进行剖析,揭示了该剧所具有的浓厚的男性意识。莎士比亚在对剧中人物的排列和介绍上有意消解女性人物的主体性,在对李尔王的形象设置上体现了父权制特征,在对刚乃绮、瑞干、考地利亚的角色塑造上不可避免地投射了男性的主观意识和偏见,按照惯有模式将女性简单划分为天使型女性和妖妇型女性。莎士比亚作为一名男性作家,未能摆脱男性本位的社会意识形态的影响,使《李尔王》成为了一部充斥了男性话语霸权的父权制文本。

The paper analyzes Shakespeare's tragedy King Lear from the perspective of feminism, exposing the strong male consciousness of the play. Shakespeare intentionally dispelled the subjective initiative of the female characters through the arrangement and introduction of the roles in the play. Under Shakespeare's pen, the image of King Lear was the incarnation of patriarchy. When Shakespeare moulded the image of Goneril, Regan and Cordelia, he unavoidably cast his male subjective consciousness and prejudice on them, simply dividing the female characters into two types of women---angels and witch according to the customary mode. Shakespeare, as a male writer, failed to shake off the influence from the ideology of the male-dominated society, making King Lear into a patriarchal text filled with the hegemony of male discourse.