温泉热能消除高海拔地区道路积雪暗冰试验研究

Experimental Study on Elimination of Snow Cover and Dark Ice on Highway Pavement in High Altitude Region by Thermal Energy of Hot Spring

在雀儿山隧道出口端建立试验段,在混凝土路面的面层中铺设PVC管及钢管,布设间距分别为24cm和40cm,测定温泉热水通过两种管道后不同时刻路表面及不同埋深位置岩体的温度值,并观察记录路面冰雪层变化,研究了利用温泉水热能消除高海拔地区冬季隧道洞口路面积雪暗冰的可行性,对比分析了流体通过不同材质管道的温降效果。结果表明:钢管、PVC管试验段,分别在通温泉水20、24h后路面冰雪层出现融化现象,通温泉水48、96h后路面冰雪层完全融化;对于浅层路面,加热过程中钢管试验段比PVC管试验段升温速率快,40cm间距钢管系统比24cm间距PVC管系统更有效;提出了考虑管道材质因素的修正苏霍夫温降计算公式,利用PVC管、钢管管道温降试验数据得到了钢管、PVC管修正系数分别为1.8、0.9;研究可为合理确定高海拔地区路面融雪化冰设计参数提供参考。

The test section was built at exit end of Queershan Tunnel.PVC pipes and steel pipes were laid on the surface of concrete pavement with spacing 24 cm and 40 cm respectively.The temperature values of road surface at different times and rock mass with different buried depth after the hot water of hot spring passing through two kinds of pipelines were measured,and the changes of ice and snow cover on pavement were observed and recorded.The feasibility of using thermal energy of hot spring to eliminate snow cover and dark ice on tunnel entrance pavement in high altitude area in winter was studied.The temperature drop effect of fluid passing through pipelines made of different materials was compared and analyzed.The results show that in the test section of steel pipe and PVC pipe,the ice and snow layer of pavement begins to melt after 20 and 24 hours of hot spring water passing,and the ice and snow layer of pavement melts completely after 48 and 96 hours of hot spring water passing.For shallow pavement,the heating rate of steel tube test section is faster than that of PVC tube test section in heating process,and the steel tube system with 40 cm spacing is more effective than that with 24 cm spacing.A modified Sukhov temperature drop calculation formula considering the material of the pipeline is proposed.The correction coefficients of PVC pipe and steel pipe are 1.8 and 0.9 respectively based on the temperature drop test data of PVC pipe and steel pipe,which can provide reference for the reasonable determination of the design parameters of pavement snow melting and ice melting in high altitude regions.