论非遗传承中边缘群体的定位及代表性传承人制度的完善

The Positioning of Marginal Groups in the Inheritance of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Perfection of the System of Representative Inheritors

21世纪以来,全国范围内的非遗保护工作如火如荼地展开,众多民间文化遗产进入了政府文化工作视野,各级非遗保护名录制度与代表性传承人制度成为目前国内非遗保护工作的主要体系。这一保护体系的建设为民间文化遗产的发掘与保护提供了新思路并有着突出的成效。但在此基础上,该制度体系外即没有进入该体系的民间文化及文化享有者、文化生产者却处于较为尴尬的处境,甚至与该制度体系形成了消极对立情绪。在此背景下,本文提出非遗保护中"边缘群体"的概念与定位,在对这一群体进行科学分类的基础上,针对群体性传承人认定、传承人类型划分、多类别非遗保护条例建设等问题讨论代表性传承人制度的补充与完善。

Since the 21 st century, the protection of non-heritage sites has been in full swing throughout the country.Many folk cultural heritage has entered the vision of government cultural work. The system of non-heritage protection directory at all levels and the system of representative successors have become the main system of non-heritage protection in China. The construction of the protection system provides a new way of thinking for the excavation and protection of folk cultural heritage and has made outstanding achievements. But on the basis, the non-governmental cultural and cultural enjoyers and producers who did not enter the system or were outside the system are in a more embarrassing situation, and they even form a negative opposition with the sys tem. In the context, the concept and orientation of 'marginal group' in heritage protection were put forward. On the basis of scientific classification of the group, the supplement and improvement of representative heritage system were discussed in view of the identification of group successors, the division of inheritance human type and the construction of multi-category heritage protection regulations.