中国城市体系资本支配和资本服务城市的演化

EVOLUTION OF CAPITAL CONTROL CITIES AND CAPITAL SERVICE CITIES IN CHINA'S MAINLAND

以福布斯2000强中国企业和GaWC175高端生产者服务业跨国企业数据为基础,运用指令和控制指数以及网络互锁模型,分析和比较中国城市体系中资本支配城市和资本服务城市在2006-2014年的演化情况,然后通过残差分析法和聚类分析法识别主要城市的职能差异和类型划分。研究发现,中国主要城市的资本支配能力和资本服务能力显著增强,尽管两个维度城市体系的多中心度有所提升,但是北京、上海、广州和深圳始终处于核心地位。全国主要城市可以聚类为四种类型,不同城市在两个维度上的能力存在差异。上海、深圳、广州的资本支配能力有明显提升,成都、天津、杭州、南京的资本服务能力有明显提升。

Based on the Chinese enterprises in the Forbes Global 2000 list and advanced producer service firms in GaWC175, this paper analyzes the evolution of capital control cities and capital service cities in 2006 – 2014 using approaches of command and control index as well as the interlocking network model. Then the residual analysis and cluster analysis have been used to examine the difference of main cities in urban functions and classification. It is found that the capacity of capital control and capital service of China’s main cities has increased rapidly. Although the polycentricity of the urban system has grown, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen always hold the top four. The main cities could be classified into four types which have different roles in the capacity of capital control and capital service. The capital control capacities of Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou have increased rapidly while the capital service capacities of Chengdu, Tianjin, Hangzhou, and Nanjing have increased rapidly.