50年英美西尔维娅·普拉斯研究综述

An Overview of Anglo-American Plath Studies in the Past Fifty Years

西尔维娅·普拉斯是继艾米丽·迪金森后美国文学史上最有影响的当代女诗人,英美文学界对她的研究从其去世一直延续至今。50年英美普拉斯研究,不同年代呈现不同的特点和趋势:20世纪60年代-70年代初,主要是对普拉斯作品作自传性解读;70年代中后期-80年代初则有早期心理分析、神话解读和早期女性主义解读;80年代中后期-90年代则为文化唯物主义、后期女性主义和后期心理分析解读。梳理50年英美普拉斯研究可为国内普拉斯研究提供重要的借鉴。

Sylvia Plath, the contemporary American woman poet, has been regarded as the most influential woman poet since Emily Dickinson, and Plath studies in Anglo-American literature started since her sudden death and have continued to the present. An overview of 50 years' Plath studies reveals different features and tendencies from different perspectives and in interpreting methods: interpreting Plath as a confessional poet through biographical reading in the 1960s-early 70s; early psychoanalytic, mythological and early feminist readings in the mid-late 1970 s to the early 80s; cultural materialist, late feminist and late psychoanalytic readings in the mid-late 80 s to 90s. This paper also provides reference for Plath studies in China.