国际银行盈利结构与管理架构考察及启示

A Survey of the Profit Structure and Management Mode of International Banks and the Implications

经过数十年的转型,以花旗、汇丰和渣打集团为代表的综合化金融集团基本形成了在全球多个市场同时开展多业务条线经营的盈利结构,以瑞士信贷为代表的专业化金融集团则形成了以投资银行和金融服务为重心的盈利模式,矩阵式管理已成为国际银行普遍采用的模式。国际同行的成功经验带给我们如下启示:构建以"客户"为中心、内涵丰富、形式清晰的业务架构;提升境外机构本地化竞争能力;构建"纵横平衡、条块结合"的管理架构;不断建立与完善一体化的激励考核机制、高度共享的资源配置机制;强化 IT 系统对盈利及管理架构改革的支持保障作用等。

After decades of transition, the comprehensive financial group, represented by Citigroup, HSBC and Standard Chartered Group, has formed its basic profit structure for the operation of multiple businesses in global multiple markets at the same time. The specialized financial group, represented by Credit Suisse, has formed its profit mode that focuses on investment banking and financial services. The matrix management has become a mode widely used by international banks. The successful experience of international banks provides some implications for domestic commercial banks to form the new profit and management mode, which include: building a business structure that is focused on customers, rich in contents and has a clear form; enhancing the local competitiveness of overseas institutions; gradually building a management mode that integrates the vertical business management with the horizontal regional management, establishing and improving the integrated incentive and appraisal mechanism and the fully shareing mechanism of resource allocation; continuing to strengthen the support and security of IT systems to the reforms of profit structure and management mode.