综合化经营国际银行的公司治理架构

The Corporate Governance Structure of Diversified International Banks

良好的公司治理架构是银行综合化经营得以平衡业务发展和风险管控的重要保障。本文通过对汇丰集团、摩根大通银行和富国银行等银行集团的案例研究发现,目前国际大型银行普遍采取金融控股公司模式,公司治理架构相对稳定,风险管理架构较为完善,业务运营以子公司为载体,以矩阵式为结构。金融控股集团应成为现阶段中国商业银行开展综合化经营的主要模式;伴随综合化经营的深入开展,中国商业银行应进一步理顺总部与子公司的关系并明确分工,建立覆盖全集团的多重风险防线;治理架构应保持适度简单,并随业务调整做出相应变革。

Good corporate governance structure is an important guarantee for the diversified operation of banks to balance business development and risk control. The analysis of the cases of HSBC, JP Morgan Chase, Wells Fargo and other banking groups shows that large international banks usually adopt the mode of financial holding corporate, and have relatively-stable corporate governance structure and perfect risk management structure, their business is performed by subsidiaries in a matrix structure. Financial holding corporate may be a main mode at present for the diversified operation of Chinese commercial banks.With the development of diversified operation, Chinese banks need to define the relationship between head office and subsidiaries, clarify their respective responsibilities, and establish multiple risk-control lines that cover the whole group; their governance structure should be appropriately simple and be adjusted with business development.