国家民族政策与民族语言政策

On National Ethnic Policyand Ethnic Language Policy

我国民族政策的政治和法律基础是'民族区域自治',民族语言政策主要是依据《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》的相关规定制定的。近年来有学者提出淡化族群意识和56个民族的观念,推进中华民族一体化和国家认同的'第二代民族政策'。我国民族语言学界虽然未提出'第二代民族语言政策',但是当前的民族语言政策一定程度上也反映出与'第二代民族政策'有关的政策取向,即在民族语言和国家通用语言的关系层面,拟通过在民族地区推广国家通用语言以'增强少数民族的祖国意识和中华民族认同感'。本文初步分析了这种政策调整的经济体制和行政机制背景。

The political and legal basis of the national policy is Regional Autonomy for Ethnic Minorities,while the ethnic language policy is based on the Law of National Regional Autonomy.Some scholars,in recent years,have proposed the theory of"the Second Generation Na-tional Ethnic Policy",which is aimed to weaken ethnic consciousness and the concept of 56 ethnicgroups,thus to promote the integration of Chinese national identity.In the study of minority languages,though "the second generation of ethnic language policy"has not been put forward,the current language policy has shown the parallel tendency,which is by promoting the national common language in ethnic areas,an effort is made to"strengthen the consciousness of Chinese national identity".This paper intends to make an analysis of the changes in language policy from the perspective of economic and administrative mechanism.