国外城市更新研究述评:目标原则、因果机制与研究展望

Foreign Urban Renewal Research Review:Objective Principles,Causal Mechanisms and Research Prospects

经济衰退、空间破败和社会变坏,促使城市更多地进行城市更新。由于城市更新的理念与实践起源于国外,因此国内城市更新的发展需要借鉴国外的研究成果。本文通过文献统计和内容分析法,对国外城市更新研究的理论进行梳理和总结。研究发现,'竞争性经济能力提升、包容性社会生态建设和适应性城市空间塑造'是国外城市更新的三大目标,在学者们看来,'领土资本、政策法规和利益相关者'是影响城市更新的主要因素,以目标实现为导向的客体评估和以过程优化为导向的主体评估是两类主要的城市更新评估方法。此外,学者发现城市更新促进了城市经济的发展,也影响了城市的弱势群体和规划子系统。未来城市更新的研究要在三个方面努力:加强影响城市更新因素的研究、重视定量方法在城市更新中的运用和深化城市更新中公平伦理的考量。

Economic recession,space dilapidated and social deterioration make the city more involved in urban renewal.As the concept and practice of urban renewal originated in foreign countries,the development of domestic urban renewal needs to learn from foreign research results.By means of literature statistics and content analysis,this paper finds 'promotion of competitive economic ability,construction of inclusive social ecology and shaping adaptive urban space'are the three major goals of foreign urban renewal,In the eyes of scholars, 'territorial capital,policy and stakeholders'are main factors affecting urban renewal. Goal oriented object evaluation and process optimization oriented subjective evaluation are two main methods of urban renewal evaluation.In addition,Scholars have found that urban renewal has promoted the development of urban economy,but also affected the urban vulnerable groups and planning subsystems.The future research on urban renewal in China should work hard in three areas:strengthen the study the factors of influencing urban renewal,pay attention to the application of quantitative methods in urban renewal,and deepen the consideration of fair ethics in urban renewal.