地理环境对近代武汉城市经济发展的影响

INFLUENCE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT ON WUHAN'SURBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN MORDERN TIME

进入近代社会 ,武汉社会经济发展发生了巨大变化。在影响其发展变化的诸多因素中 ,地理环境起着重要的作用。特定的地理位置和地貌演化与水文情势都制约着武汉城市的发展 ,影响其经济布局、产业结构的变化以及重大经济政治事件的发生。主要讨论近代汉江河口的变化和市区人工堤坊的建设对武汉城市发展的影响 ;水网密布的情势与武汉商品经济发展的关系 ;九省通衢对武汉开埠的作用 ,以及区位优势对洋务运动和辛亥革命的促进。为当今武汉的现代化建设提供历史的经验和借鉴作用。

In mordern time ,Wuhan's urban economy had a great development.One of the cause was the geographical environment played an important role.Geographical location and geomorphic evolution especially controled development of Wuhan City,and influenced economic distribution and industrial structure, finally impacted on the politics ,such as xin-Hai Revolution occurred.In this paper the writers discuessed that the remove of Han Shui River mouth and construction of man-made dikes along the Changjiang River greatly expanded Hankou city area.The distribution of network of rivers promoted the great advance of water transport,and the superior geographic location formed the hub of railway in Central China.The aim of the authors is to provide the historical experiences to benefit the mordern construction of Wuhan City.