外商直接投资对我国经济增长作用的研究

The Study on Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth of China

改革开放以来,我国外商直接投资获得了长足的发展。从发展趋势上看,外商直接投资从80年代的试验和起步阶段,经过90年代快速发展,现在已进入稳定发展时期。外商直接投资在投资方式、区域分布、产业分布和资金来源等方面形成了自身的特点,对实现我国经济增长正发挥着日益重要的作用。一方面外商直接投资及其企业已逐步成为我国经济增长日益重要的资本来源和产出来源,直接带动外贸出口、优化出口结构、促进技术进步和产业升级,提高经济增长的质量;另一方面外商直接投资发挥溢出效应提高要素生产率,与人力资本和市场化改革具有互补作用,从而对经济增长发挥间接促进作用。

Since the reform and opening-up in China,for- eign direct investment (FDI) has been developed great- ly.In terms of the trends of its development FDI has in- tered a period of stable development after its initial pha- ses of experimentation in the 1980s and quick develop- ment in the 1990s.FDI has taken on its own characteris- tics on forms of investment,geographical and seetoral distribution,and origins of investment funds.It has been playing an increasingly important role in Chinese e- conomic growth.On the one hand FDI and its invested enterprises have gradually become increasingly impor- tant sources of China's capital output.They have been directly propelling foreign export,optimizing export structure,promoting technological progress and industrial upgrade,so that the qualities of economic growth have been improved.On the other hand FDI has enhanced factor productivity by its spillover effect which has com- plementarity with human capital and market reform,so that it also has indirectly promoted economic growth.