马克思企业理论与企业组织的演化——劳动双层结构下的双层劳动生产力论

Marxist Theory of Enterprise and the Evolution of Enterprise Organization——The Theory of Two-double Labor Productive Forces under Two-double Structures of Labor

根据对劳动演化发展的一般历史规律所作的分析,企业本质就是嵌入劳动过程的劳动合约组织。企业组织在历史中渐次累积的"理想类型",一般地可以被归纳为五种形态:工人团队合约、商人资本家团队合约、工业资本家团队合约、金融资本家团队合约以及企业家团队合约,对应于以工人劳动团队为主导和控制的企业经济组织,以商人资本家为主导和控制的企业经济组织,以工业资本家为主导和控制的企业经济组织、以金融资本家为主导和控制的企业经济组织,以及以企业家劳动团队为主导和控制的企业经济组织的五种典型的企业历史生产组织。因此本文认为,理论形态的马克思企业理论应当被规定为:唯物史观+劳动价值论+企业理论,决定劳动价值论与企业理论是紧密关联的,二者互为条件和基础,这一研究又可以总体地被规定为"劳动双层结构下的双层劳动生产力论",它的理论实质在于:把狭义生产和狭义分析有机地融入广义生产和广义分析之中进行。

The nature of enterprise is labor contract, which contains the special factors on the historical usage bodies of labor based on labor evolution. According to Marxist methodology,the enterprise organization of as some'perfect styles'can be summed up by five kinds of production forms which includes the corresponding relation to five typical production organization of enterprise in the process of historical evolution and development.The paper hereby holds that the theoretical form of enterprise theory should be determined by the mode of'materialist conceptiofi of history+labor theory of value+theory of enterprise'under the'putting in each other'of labor theory of value and theory of enterprise,which puts forward the theoretical proposition of'two-double labor productive forces under two-double structures of labor'.In one word, this study tries to put narrow-sense production and system in broad-sense production and system organically.