重金属Cu污染对土壤动物群落结构的影响

Effects of Copper Pollution on Soil Fauna Community Structure

通过盆栽试验研究了重金属Cu污染对土壤动物群落结构及其生态学指标的影响。结果表明,随着Cu污染程度的增加,土壤动物的种类数和个体数密度急剧减少,以重金属污染指数Pi来表征Cu的污染程度时,土壤动物多样性指数、种类数、均匀度指数都随着污染指数的增大而减小,呈显著负相关。土壤动物中,蜱螨目、膜翅目和弹尾目是优势种,它们分别占全捕量的41.07%、35.23%和17.21%,同翅目是常见种,占全捕量的2.11%,其中弹尾目昆虫的裸长角跳属Sinella对重金属Cu污染反应不灵敏,陷等跳属Isotomurus、棘跳属Onychiurus对Cu污染敏感,而盐长跳属Salina、叶跳属Lobella只在污染严重的处理中才有出现。

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of Cu pollution on fauna community structure and ecological indicators in soil.With the increase of Cu concentration,the number of soil fauna species and the density of individuals decreased.A negative correlation was found between Cu pollution index(Pi) and soil fauna diversity,species and homogeneous index.All 1 232 individuals collected in this research could be grouped into 3 phyla,10 classes,and 16 orders.The dominant genera were Acari,Collembola and Hymenoptera,and the common genera was Heteroptera.It was discovered that Collembola,Sinella were not sensitive to copper pollution,but Isotomurus and Onychiurus were very sensitive to the pollutant.Both Saline and Lobella were only found in the seriously polluted soil.