摘要
海水养殖提供了大量水产品,创造了良好的经济效益,也缓解了对天然渔业资源的捕捞压力。中国的海洋鱼、贝类产量在20世纪90年代后大幅度增长,海水养殖产业的发展取得令人瞩目的成就,极大地提升了海洋渔业在国民经济中的地位。然而,海水养殖业发展过程中,渔业水域环境恶化、养殖自身污染加剧、养殖品种种质退化等问题日益突出,水产养殖病害造成的经济损失越来越大。在此背景下,海水养殖环境的生态修复技术得以不断发展,在改善水质,促进健康品种养殖方面展示了良好前景。分析研究海水养殖的现状和存在问题,总结生态修复技术的研究进展,对挖掘海水养殖潜力,推动海水养殖可持续发展,发展渔区经济,增加渔民收入等都具有重要现实意义。为此针对我国海水养殖环境质量的现状和问题,结合生态修复技术的进展,对海水健康养殖的发展构想及对策进行了探讨。
China has a long history in aquaculture.Mariculture provides not only nutritional and economic benefits,but also decrease intensity of exploitation on declining wild living resources.Production of marine fish and mollusc has been increasing sharply since 1990's.As mariculture plays an important role in national economy,the rapid development and changes in mariculture species have aroused increasing concern about mariculture's impact on coastal environment.The impact of coastal aquaculture,may include water quality deterioration and contaminants,self-pollution of mariculture,decrease of culture species' which results in a significant bearing on the expansion of mariculture.Under the condition mentioned above,ecological rehabilitation technologies on mariculture also have made great progress and have promising future in improving water quality and advancing healthy aquaculture.So,it is imperative to study the status of mariculture and the development of ecological rehabilitation technologies,which are indispensable to develop sustainable aquaculture.The article studies the status of mariculture,combining the advances in ecological rehabilitation technology,and then discusses the developing prospects and countermeasures of how to make mariculture develop in a sustainable approach.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第S1期310-315,共6页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
广东省重大科技计划项目(2003B21501)
珠海市科技计划项目(BC200320016)
广州市农业科技计划项目
关键词
中国
海水养殖
生态修复
环境质量
进展
China
mariculture development
ecology rehabilitation
water quality
progress