“城市人”身份认同对农民工劳动供给的影响——基于身份经济学视角

The Impact of Urban Citizen Identity on Rural-Urban Migrants' Labor Supply: Based on the Perspective of Identity Economics

在人口红利逐渐消失的背景下,农民工劳动供给能否稳定是影响未来中国经济持续增长的重要因素。虽然推进农民工市民化已被提升到国家战略高度,但是学术界尚未深入探讨身份的转变对农民工劳动供给的影响。文章基于身份经济学理论框架,实证检验了"城市人"身份认同对农民工劳动供给的影响。结果表明:由于不同身份的背后隐含着最优行为准则的差异,"城市人"身份认同的形成有助于提高农民工的劳动供给。相对于老一代、女性或外来农民工,身份认同对新生代、男性或本地农民工劳动供给的影响更大。文章的重要政策启示在于,加快社会建设步伐对于稳定农民工的劳动供给具有举足轻重的作用,应通过提高农民工群体的福利水平促进其融入城市,进而挖掘农民工劳动供给的"融入"身份效应。同时,也应重视相应政策对不同群体的效果差异性。

In the context of gradual disappearance of population dividend,whether the labor supply of ruralurban migrants is stable is an important factor that affects China's sustained economic growth in the future. While the promotion of citizenization of rual- urban migrants has been raised to the height of national strategy,existing studies have not scrutinized the impact of the identity on the labor supply of migrant workers. Based on the theory of identity economics,this paper investigates the impact of identity integration on rural- urban migrants' labor supply and the group differences in the effects of identity integration. The results display that due to the difference in optimal codes of conduct hidden behind the specific identity,identity integration has a positive effect on rural- urban migrants' labor supply. The association between rural- urban migrants' identity integration and labor supply is quantitatively large and statistically significant for males but not for females,for the second generation but not for the first generation,and for those with local residence registry but not for those with non- local residence registry. Important policy implication of this paper is that to speed up the pace of social construction plays a decisive role for the stability of rural- urban migrants' labor supply. It is necessary to integrate rural- urban migrants into urban society to exploit integrated identity effect of rural- urban migrants' labor supply. Also,the differences of corresponding effect of policies on different groups should not be overlooked.