矮化密植果园喷雾机选型试验研究

Experimental Study on Spray Machine Selection in Dwarf Density Orchard

为了提升林果生产机械化水平,北京市正大力推广林果矮化密植技术。为此,针对目前市场林果植保机械型号多及喷雾质量参差不齐的问题,开展了适合林果新种植模式下的植保机械选型试验研究,并选取了4种喷雾机。试验结果表明:针对果园篱壁型冠层,3种地面喷雾机在喷量为喷枪常规喷量条件下(施药量108L/6 6 7 m2),冠层雾滴分布平均密度均超过100个/cm2,对靶风送式变量喷雾机在施药量40L/(667m2)条件下,雾滴沉积平均密度达62个/cm2,植保多旋翼无人机在施药量为1L/(667m2)时,雾滴沉积平均密度达67个/cm2,均远超过20个/cm2的行业标准。因此,建议选用风量、施药量可调喷雾机或喷雾机配备不同型号喷头,以实现不同冠层密度变量施药。

In order to improve fruit production mechanization level, Beijing city is vigorously promote fruit dwarfing close planting technology, in view of the present market of fruit plant protection machinery model, spray quality uneven prob-lem, carried out experimental study on the selection of suitable for plant protection machinery and new planting model of fruit under test, selecting 4 kinds of spraying machine.The test results show that, for this orchard wall type canopy, three kinds of ground sprayer in spray volume.The conventional spray quantity conditions ( mu dosage 108 liters) , the average density of canopy droplet distribution are more than 100 /square cm, on target air assisted sprayer in acres of spray volume 40 liters a next, the droplet deposition of average density of 62 per square centimeter, plant protection multi rotor UAV in Mu spraying 1 litres, the droplet deposition of average density of 67 A /cm2 , were far more than 20 per square centimeter of industry standard.Suggested the use of air flow rate, spray volume adjustable sprayer or a spray ma-chine equipped with different types of nozzle, so as to realize the variables of different canopy density of pesticide.