五因素玉米剥皮试验装置与试验设计研究

Research on the five Factors Corn Husker Experiment Device and Test Scheme Design

以黄淮海地区为代表的一年两熟制地区,由于玉米可生长期短、收获时间紧,收获时果穗含水率较高,摘穗时易产生断茎,且苞叶与果穗贴合紧密,剥皮作业质量效果较难保证,剥净率与啃穗率、脱落籽粒破损之间矛盾突出。目前,对高含水率(≥40%)果穗剥皮装置的系统理论与试验研究均较少,因而本文设计了5因素玉米剥皮试验装置,可以进行槽型布置和平面布置两种剥皮装置的室内试验。通过调整压送器与剥皮辊距离、剥皮辊倾角、剥皮辊转速、压送轮转速及剥皮辊组合形式等关键因素水平,以苞叶剥净率、啃穗落粒率和籽粒破损率为评价指标,进行多因素多水平正交试验,确定剥皮装置的最佳参数组合,为玉米联合收获机剥皮装置选型和参数设计提供依据。

In wheat- maize rotation cropping areas such as Huanghuaihai region,owing to the short growth period,tight harvest time,high moisture rate,high trash content percentage,closely connection between bract and ear,maize harvest is meeting with the difficulties of poor working quality stability,clean husked ear rate is restricted by the bit ear rate and exfoliated kernel damaged rate. So far,the research on the high moisture rate( more than 40%) corn husker,either system theoretical or experimental,is rarely. Based on this status,researchers design a five factors corn husker experiment device which can be used for laboratory test. This study chose the table orthogonal test method. The equipment parameters,which indicated the critical different factors and levels,can be adjusted conveniently,such as distance between compressing wheel and peeling roller,inclination of roller angle,rotating speed of peeling roller and compressing wheel,the style of peeling roller had been combined. This study chose three evaluation indexes,which were clean husked ear rate,bit ear rate and exfoliated kernel damaged rate,for evaluating the better parameter combination,and then maybe provide evidence in designing corn combine harvester or choosing corn husker parameter.