黑龙江西部玉米调亏灌溉的节水增产效应

Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation of Maize on Water-saving and Yield-increasing in Western Heilongjiang Province

采取测筒试验,对玉米单生育阶段、连续生育阶段和全生育期进行不同程度的水分亏缺处理,研究了调亏灌溉对玉米耗水量、产量和水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明:就单生育阶段调亏而言,产量和耗水量之间呈开口向下的二次抛物线关系,苗期中度水分亏缺(水分控制上限为60%)为最佳的灌水处理模式,玉米产量和水分利用效率分别提高了1.23%和11.95%;连续生育阶段和全生育期调亏均对作物的产量有不利影响;全生育期充分灌溉时的产量最高,但水分利用效率较低。

The experiments of water deficit irrigation for maize were conducted by means of measuring tanks,in which the different degrees of water deficit were supplied in different growth stages of single,continuous and the whole growth period of maize respectively to study the influences of water deficit irrigation on water consumption,yield and water use efficiency( WUE). The results showed that,for single growth stage,the relationship between the yield of maize and the amount of water consumption was quadratic parabola with downward opening,and the treatment of moderate water deficit( the limited maximum soil moisture was 60% of the soil water capacity) in the seedling stage was the best,in which yield of maize and WUE were increased by 1.23% and 11. 95% respectively. For continuous growth stage and the whole growth period treatments,the influence of water deficit on crop yield were negative,the highest yield was in sufficient irrigation for the whole growth period,but the WUE was lower.