甘薯起垄覆膜机的设计与试验

Design and Test of Sweet Potato Ridging and Film Covering Machine

我国甘薯栽培方式多为垄作覆膜,该种植方式劳动强度大、生产环节多、机械化程度低,严重制约了甘薯的产业化发展。为此,设计了一种甘薯起垄覆膜机。该机为一垄双行式设计,采用旋耕起垄技术,可显著提高作业效率和起垄质量;起垄后使用压实整形装置提高土垄紧实度,并于垄上开出两条插秧沟;滴灌带通过定位装置平铺于垄上中间位置,无扭曲、折弯现象,方便田间管理,有利于甘薯的生长;使用定穴轮实现膜上定穴,方便种植户插秧;实现多项作业过程一次性完成,包括整地、施肥、起垄、压实整形、铺设滴灌带、覆膜覆土及膜上定穴。田间试验表明:该机无论是起垄质量、覆膜性能,还是定穴效果,均满足甘薯种植的农艺要求。

In China,most of the sweet potato cultivation mode was ridging and film covering. The high labor intensity,low degree of mechanization and complexity of procedure restricted the development of the industrialization of sweet potato.So,a new kind of sweet potato ridging and film covering machine was designed. The machine was designed for one- ridge of double lines,the rotary tillage technology effectively improved the efficiency and quality of ridging; the use of compaction and shaping device improved soil ridge compactness and open two planting groove on the ridge; drip irrigation belt through the positioning device lay on the middle of the ridge,no distortion and blending realize a convenient field management and is conducive to the growth of sweet potato; the use of locating wheel realized orientation in membrane and convenient grower to transplanting; to achieve a number of one- time operation process,including soil preparations,fertilizing,ridging,shaping,film covering,orientation in membrane and other operation in once performance. Field test shows that the machine performance well on ridging,film covering and location performance,and meet the agronomic requirements of sweet potato planting.