垄间套播冬小麦免耕播种机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Winter-wheat No-tillage Seeder for Inter-planting

为满足高寒地区冬小麦生长的越冬要求,针对在低矮作物(如大豆等)未成熟时垄间套播冬小麦种植模式的农艺要求,设计了垄间套播冬小麦机械式排种免耕播种机。为了保证冬小麦开沟器不在垄台上伤害农作物,设计了双向平行四杆仿形机构,能同时完成上下、左右仿形。田间试验结果表明:平均播种深度为45.9mm,合格率为86.7%;平均施肥深度为76.45mm;冬小麦出苗速率SE为4.88(株/天)/m,在次年返青期冬小麦的返青率为85.3%,能够满足垄间(垄沟两侧)套播冬小麦的播种要求。

Winter wheat no-tillage seeder for inter-planting was designed to meet the agro-technical requirements of ridge ( both sides in the furrow ) inter-planting winter wheat cultivation technique when the low crop is still not mature, which can perform inter-ridge operations including fertilizing, seeding, covering and rolling at a time.As the previous crop is still growing, winter wheat is sowed at both sides in the furrow.In order to protect the growing crops on the ridge, bidirectional parallelogram linkage profiling mechanism was designed, which can simultaneously achieve upper and lower, left and right profiling functions.Field test results show that: the average value of seeding depth is 45.9 mm and the passing rate is 86.7 %;the average value of fertilizer depth is 76.45 mm and the passing rate of 80%;the average val-ue of emergence rate SE of winter wheat is 4.88 daily in one meter;the average value of seedling emergence is 65.92 in one meter and the average over-wintering rate is 85.3%.