棉花精量免耕穴播机设计及关键部件运动仿真

Design and Motion Simulation of a Precision No-tillage Hill-planter for Cotton

黄河三角洲地区种棉历史悠久,但棉花种植的密度相对较低,且采用大小行交错种植,不适宜机器采摘。为此,设计了棉花精量免耕穴播机,主要由全幅旋耕灭茬装置、开沟器、全幅前镇压装置及鸭嘴式穴播器等构成。鸭嘴式穴播器主要由鸭嘴式成穴机构和垂直转勺式排种器组成,既具备精量取种能力,又具备定点投种能力。每组播种单体由两个鸭嘴式穴播器并联构成,能实现(66+10)cm的播种效果。田间试验表明:播种、施肥平均深度分别为32.6、94.6mm,出苗率达到91.04%,提高了播种质量,既满足了机采棉要求,又增加土地了利用率。

Cotton planting density in the Yellow River Delta is relatively low and its planting pattern adopting a line size crisscross cultivation is not suitable for picking machine. To solve this problem,a precision no- tillage hill- planter for cotton was designed. It was mainly composed of full- width rotary tillage stubble cleaning device,furrow opener,full-width front press device and duck- billed dibbler. The dibbler was composed with duck- billed cavitation mechanism and vertical disk- scoop- type metering device,which could achieve precision metering and throwing seeds in fixed point.Seeding monomer was made up of two duck- billed type dibbler in parallel,which could realize the 66 + 10 cm cultivation mode. The field experiment result showed that the average depth of sowing and fertilization were 32. 6 mm and 94.6mm,the germination rate was improved to 91. 4%. It satisfied the requirements of picking cotton with machinery and increased the proportion of land utilization in the experimental area.