振动式深松机运动特性分析及试验研究

Movement Characteristics Analysis and Experimental Study of the Oscillating Subsoiler

为了深入研究深松机具作业过程中的牵引阻力、能量消耗及作业性能,首先对影响深松作业的结构参数振动幅值、振动频率、振动角度和机具前进速度逐一进行分析;然后从运动特性入手,分别对3种不同振动角度下的运动轨迹进行了研究。结果表明:振动角等于0时,运动轨迹为一段锁扣波形,总功耗增加,深松效果增加不明显;当振动角大于0时,运动轨迹为一段沿运动方向倾斜的正弦波形,将其分为向前上方切削运动和后撤运动两段,前段功率消耗与非振动深松相当,但后撤阶段功率消耗增大使得降耗效果不明显;当振动角度小于0时,运动轨迹为一段沿运动方向相反倾斜的正弦波,将其分为向前下方切削运动和提升运动两段,同时,在提升阶段运动过程中,深松铲工作于已深松过的土壤中,因而功耗大大减小,可以实现减阻降耗目的。同时,在前进速度为0.2~1.78m/s、振幅为10mm、振动角为10.80^-3 2.40和0~50Hz振动频率条件下,对振动式深松机具进行了单因素土槽试验研究,并分析了各因素与功率损耗之间的关系。

In order to study the traction resistance,the energy consumption and the improvement of operation performance,some parameters were analyzed that affect the operation of deep loosening including vibration amplitude,vibration frequency,vibration angle and speed of the machine in this paper at first. Then,the movement track of three kinds of different vibration angle was studied from the motion characteristic,and the conclusion was obtained. When the vibration angle was equal to zero,the trajectory was a locking waveform,the total power consumption increased,and the effect of deep loosening was not obviously increased. when the vibration angle was greater than zero,the motion trajectory was a tilt sinusoidal waveform along the moving direction. It could be divided into forward and upward movement of cutting and retreat movement. The power consumption in front stage and the non oscillating subsoiler were about the same,but power consumption in retreat stage was increased greatly,the energy saving effect was not obvious. When the vibration angle was less than zero,the motion trajectory was a tilt sinusoidal waveform along the opposite direction of motion.It could be divided into forward and downward movement of cutting and ascension movement. During the process of ascension movement stage,the subsoiler worked in the soil which had been deeply loosened,and then the power consumption was greatly reduced. Under the condition of the forward speed of 0. 2 ~ 1. 78 m / s,the vibration amplitude of 10 mm,the vibration angle of 10. 800^- 32. 400 and the vibration frequency of 0 ~ 50 Hz,the single factor experiments of the oscillating subsoiler were researched,and the relationship between the factors and the power consumption were analyzed.