南方双季稻区小行距插秧机的改进设计与试验

Improved Design and Experiments of Rice Transplanter in South Double Cropping Rice Region

针对300mm行距插秧机在南方双季稻区栽插行距过大、穴数过少及不能充分发挥机插稻的增产潜力问题,在300mm行距插秧机结构的基础上,通过机械优化设计和田间农艺技术相结合的方法,对其插植部箱体、苗箱、支架(包括左右支架和中间支架)和浮板4个关键部位技术参数改进设计,研制出了适合南方双季稻区作业的2ZS-488B型(264mm行距)插秧机,并于2012-2013年在江西省2个试验点进行不同早晚稻品种机插行距的大田对比试验。结果表明:该插秧机作业性能稳定,漂秧率、伤秧率和漏插率分别为1.55%、2.68%和1.93%,相对均匀度合格率为89.54%。与300mm行距插秧机相比,其产量平均增产529.43kg/hm2,平均增产率达8.57%。该研究结果创新了南方双季稻区新的机械化栽插方式,有利于农机农艺的有效融合。

In view of the problems of machine-transplanted row spacing is too large , and the number of planted hills is insufficient , it can't give full play to the yield potential of machine-transplanted in south double cropping rice region .A 2ZS-488B(264 mm row spacing)rice transplanter was designed and tested in the paddy field by refitting transplanting arm housing , seedling box , bracket ( includes left and right bracket and the middle bracket ) and kickboard by the ap-proach of mechanical optimum design method and agronomic techniques based on the 300 mm transplanter structure in south double cropping rice region .Field experiments were conducted in Jiangxi province in 2012 and 2013, involving different rice cultivars and two row spacing .The result showed that the machine had stable properties , the floating rate , injury rate and missing rate of rice seedling is 1 .47%,2 .41%and 1 .70%, and qualification rate of relative uniformity is 89.54%, respectively.The yield average increased 529.43 kg/hm2 , and average increase yield rate by 8.57%more than 300 mm row spacing .The research provides a research of machine-transplanted in south double cropping rice re-gion.It is conducive to the effective fusion of agricultural machinery and agronomy .