蒺藜科四种旱生植物叶结构的比较解剖及其系统学意义

An Anatomic Comparison on Leaves Structure of Four Desert Plants in Zygophyllaceae and Its systematic Significance

本文通过对蒺藜科四种旱生植物——四合木、霸王、白刺、骆驼蓬叶片的结构进行了比较解剖学研究，观察和比较了叶的表皮、叶肉、叶脉等解剖结构。结果表明：（１）它们既有共同的旱生结构，同时又各具某部分强化的旱生结构共同去适应干旱环境；（２）表皮细胞的形态构造在种之间存在很大的差异；（３）叶肉中栅栏组织和海绵组织的分化程度以及细胞的形态、排列在种间存在差异；（４）叶脉的维管束数目以及维管束鞘的结构在种间也存在差异。这些解剖特征将为蒺藜科的系统演化及分类提供新的实验证据。

The leaves structures of Tetraena mongolica Maxim,Zygophyllum Xanthoxylon(Bunge) Maxim,Nitraria Sibirica Pall.and Peganum harmala L.were anatomically studied and the epidermises,mesophylls and veins of the leaves were compared in the paper.The result shows:(1)they not only have public drought-adaption structures,but also show some differentiations on drought-adaptive structure to meet metreme drought enoironment;(2)the shape of epidermis cells differ greatly from species to species (3)the differentiated extent of palisade and spongy tissues,shape and arrangment of the cells vary also from species to species;(4)the differences between the species on vascular number and structure of vascular sheath were examined.The anatomical characteristics will provide new experimental data for systematic and taxonomical study