韩国国土规划的特征及对中国的借鉴意义

The Characteristics of Korea's National Territorial Plan-ning and inspiration for China's National Territorial Plan-ning

中国正在做国土规划,它既是空间规划,区域规划,也是综合性规划。韩国、日本、法国等国家编制国土规划时,不但要解决国土问题,还要创造出有竞争力的国土条件。韩国的国土规划已经历了30多年的发展经验,现正在做第四次国土规划。在编制国土规划时吸纳了其他国家的经验,以完善规划体系。中韩两国的国土条件以及国土问题大相径庭,但从规划的编制和体系角度来看可借鉴一些韩国的经验。本文的内容包括四个方面;分析韩国国土规划体系的特征;分析韩国前三次国土规划的特征;第四次国土规划的特征;韩国国土规划的经验对中国国土规划的借鉴意义。回顾1970年代以来韩国国土规划的发展经验是:①国土规划要建立相关法律制度;②国土规划要设置专门研究机构;③国土规划要广泛的公众参与;④国土规划目标要有针对性;⑤国土开发方式要有针对性;⑥国土开发要积极利用民间投资;⑦全球化要求开放型的国土规划;⑧农村开发与国土平衡发展。

Recently, China select Tianjin and Shenzhen two representative city, in process of make national territorial planning (NTP) , Korea, Japan and France have been made out NPT, from his experience, The experiences shows that NPT not only solve spatial problem, but also create a new national territorial condition which has the national competition. The purpose of this paper is that suggest the inspiration for China’s NPT from Korea’s experiences. This paper consists of four parts. First, analyses the characteristics of Korea’s NPT systems. Second, analyses the characteristics of former three Korea’s NPT. Third, analyses the characteristics of Korea’s 4th NPT. Fourth, suggests the inspiration for China’s NPT from Korea’s experiences.