城市开敞空间中使用者活动与期望研究——以上海城市中心区的广场与步行街为例

A Study on Users' Behavior and Environmental Wants in Downtown Plazas and Pedestrian Streets

在 2 0 0 1~ 2 0 0 2年为调查研究人们在城市开敞空间内的环境行为 ,每年的 3~ 6月之间 ,笔者共访问了上海市中心区的 4个广场与 5条步行街 ,共有 917人接受了调查并回答了问卷。文章介绍了这个研究中关于使用者活动期望与活动的研究结果。揭示在上海城市开敞空间中 ,人们有很强烈的休闲期望 ,其中放松心情、与同伴、家人相聚和观赏城市风光为最主要。空间中的活动也是丰富多样 ,活动内容与空间的性质、功能和设施有关。停留活动中主要是坐、休息以及观赏风景。而步行街活动存在着明显的三种取向。

A series of empirical studies and field observation on 4 plazas and 5 pedestrian streets in Shanghai downtown area,which applied the principles and techniques of POE,were conducted in spring from 2001 to 2002. The results showed every plazas and pedestrian streets we studied attracted a large number and variety of users,which mainly attributed to the central location,characteristics of transportation and city design,especially,the high density reality of the Shanghai downtown area. There are nearly no usage and behavior differences between the weekend and workday. The environmental wants and activities of the users in these sample open spaces are various and most of them for relax and rest. It demonstrated that the behavior patterns of actors in shanghai downtown area were found to be someway different from those of the U.S. actors indicated from the books written by White (1980) and Marcus and Francis (1998) and other American researchers.