论城市竞争与竞争力的基本理论

On Urban Competition and Competitiveness

在城市竞争力概念辨析的基础上,归纳城市竞争与竞争力的若干规律。①新经济时代城市竞争机制呈现与传统经济时代不同的特征;②城市竞争力取决于'起动和活性作用'的资源因素、成长性激励作用的内部能力因素,及起推动和滞缓作用的外部环境因素;③城市竞争力影响因素的资源和内部能力的组合反映和决定了城市竞争态势及竞争的核心能力。一方面,影响因素的静态组合状态,反映了竞争'类型'的不同;另一方面,影响因素的动态组合,表现为竞争优势驱动的'时序'特征;④全球化、地方化过程作为竞争的外部环境提供了城市的全球体系优势及地方据点优势源泉;⑤城市竞争在全球、区域及城市层面上具有不同的空间投影。

Based on the concept of urban competitiveness (UC) ,the basic theories of urban competition are analyzed and constructed. The outlines of the theories contain the following ones. (1) The definition of UC is the capacity of attracting, capturing, possessing, controlling and transforming resources to create value/wealth, to improve life quality level and urban sustainability of a city in certain external environment. (2) The mechanisms of urban competition related to New Economy are quite different from that to the traditional economy. (3) The influential factors of UC include the internal resources, the capacities and the external environment of cities;(4) the combinations of the internal resources and capacities of cities reflect and determine the urban competitive advantages and the core urban competence. On the one hand,UC influential factors of different cities at the same time have different static combinations, which reflecting different types of urban competition. On the other hand,as a dynamic process,the urban competition changes with different kinds of urban competitive advantages driven by various forces. (5) The space of flows and space of place along the globalization,provide urban competition the global networks-based advantages and the location-based advantages. (6) Urban competition shadows on levels of spaces, such the global level,the regional and urban level,different effects.