大豆种质资源抗锈鉴定

Anti-rust Identification of Soybean Germplasm Resources

由豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrihzi Syd)引起的大豆锈病是严重影响大豆生长的重要病害之一。防治该病最经济有效的方法之一是抗病育种,而抗病资源的筛选是抗病育种的工作基础。利用室内离体叶片接种方法确定了大豆抗锈接种鉴定的接种浓度,最适接种浓度为100孢子/μL,每片大豆叶子的接种量为2μL,发病时间为第5天,第7天孢子堆破裂释放夏孢子。对296个大豆品种进行了抗锈鉴定,并辅以显微观察和分子检测技术。初筛结果显示:只有大青仁表现出抗性,重复接种鉴定后该品种未表现出明显发病症状,PCR可检测到该品种被接种叶片上的锈菌,针对这个品种再次接种锈菌,结果表现出抗性,其余品种均表现为感病。

One of the important diseases of soybean rust caused by jicama stripe rust(Phakopsora pachyrihzi Syd)seriously affected growth of soybean.One of the most cost-effective ways to combat the disease is breeding for disease resistance,and screening of resistance resources is the basis for work of breeding for disease resistance.Inoculum concentrations of soybean rust identification were determined by indoor in vitro leaf infection.Optimum inoculum concentration was 100 spores/μL each piece of soybean leaves,inoculum size was 2 μL.Attack time was five days,and urediospores were released from sorus on the seventh day.Disease resistance of 296 varieties of soybean to soybean rust had been identified with microscopic observation and molecular detection techniques.Preliminary screening results showed that only Daqingren showed resistance.And this variety showed obvious disease symptoms after repeated inoculation identification.Rust fungus on infected leaves could be detected by PCR.According to this variety,results showed resistance after repeated inoculation,and other varieties showed susceptibility.