当代中国法律起源研究的知识谱系

On Knowledge Genealogy of the Contemporary China’s Legal Origin Research

对近三十年我国大陆法学界关于中国法律起源问题的研究进行知识谱系的描述和反思,会发现在1980年代出现国家与法律孰先孰后的争论,其本质是法律定义之争,焦点是经典作家文本间的冲突。法律起源中的理论与事实之间存在着紧张关系。这个紧张关系在经典作家那里,是通过本质主义的体系化论证得到解决的。马克思主义经典作家的理论具有本质主义的特点,但中国晚近的法学研究则受反本质主义思潮的影响较大,其表现为法律起源研究的文化学和法社会学与法人类学转向。建立中国化的法律起源理论,要能将我国法学理论、历史材料与经典文本相互融通,打破学科上的封闭和思想上的僵化。

By the discribing and reflecting the genealogy of the study on the original of Chinese law in recently thirty years in Mainland of China,we could find that the nauture of the debates on the priority of law and state is the disagreement on the defination of law,focusing on the controversy in the textures of Classical writers.There is a tension between the theory and facts of the origins of law.Such tension was released by a systematical argumentation on essentialism in the Classical textures.The characteristic of theory of the Classical writers is essentialism.By contrast,the contemporary study of jurisprudence in China is anti-essentialism,which revealed by the turning on the cultural study,legal-socialogy and legal-anthropology.To establish a chinese theory on the origins of law,we should conprehensively conbinate of the legal theory,historical materials and classical textures in order to break though the block of academics and the rigidity of thoughts.