汉译《法学通论》教科书与近代中日法律名词交流研究

The study on the communication between the China - Japan law noun and the General jurisprudence of Chinese edition

19世纪西方新教传教士的法律译介活动,很大程度上得益于当时流行的汉英或英汉双语字典。这些双语字典先后不同程度地被日本翻译或摘译,成为日本'汉译西方法学'的主要词语来源。20世纪初从日语中来的'日语借词',不仅有一部分是来自西方新教传教士首先创立的汉译词,而且相当一部分又是日语从汉语书籍中借去的。晚清也是翻译西方法学作品大盛的时代,通过对晚清关于'翻译'的定义加以厘清,可以更好地理解这一时期体现在汉译《法学通论》教科书中的'法律'定义及其法学观念在中国的传播。这一时期《法学通论》教科书中的法律名词翻译,有意或无意的误解或另译,以至于产生了何种影响,更值得深入讨论。

The legal translations and introductions of the western Protestant missionaries in the 19th Century,to the great extent got helps from the popular bilingual English-Chinese or Chinese-English dictionaries in that time.These bilingual dictionaries had been translated into Japanese soon or later,and had became to the main term resources of the Japanese"Chinese translation version of western Jurisprudence".At the beginning of the 20th Century,the legal terms borrowed from Japanese,not only contained some Chinese translated terms initiated by the western Protestant missionaries,but also contained some terms that Japanese borrowed from Chinese books formerly.The translation of western Legal writings was so flourishing in the Late Qing Dynasty.Through the review on the definition of"translation"in Late Qing,We could catch better on the meaning of"law"in the the Chinese version of textbooks General Jurisprudence in that time,and the diffusion of the legal concepts in these books in modern china.Most of the translations of the legal terms in these textbooks General Jurisprudence were misunderstood or translated wrongly intentionally or involuntary.As regards to its consequences,it’s an issue which worth a thorough discussion.