我国公租房制度建设研究——以地方立法与实践为视角

China’s Construction of Public Rental System -the Perspective of Local Legislation and Practice

制度建构离不开对时代背景的参照与考量。从福利分房到住房商品化改革,我国住房制度经历了由福利国家模式到自由市场模式的转变。住房商品化一方面使楼市飙升、调控政策屡屡失灵;另一方面也催生了土地财政,中低收入人群住房困难。经适房、廉租房、限价房等保障房偏离制度设计之初衷,在实践中备受诟病。统一立法的缺失使地方立法相继打破僵局并进行了诸多探索。通过对地方立法文本、运行实践地解读不难发现,公租房制度建构绝不是福利模式的简单重构,而是在重新审视中央与地方、政府与市场两个关系之后的自我反省与理性回归。

System construction is inseparable from the background reference and consideration.From welfare housing to the commercialization of housing reform,China’s housing system experienced by the welfare state model to the free market model.The commodification of housing on the one hand enable the property market soared,regulatory policies often fail;the other hand,gave birth to the land finance,the low population of no fixed abode.The fitness room,low-rent housing,housing prices did not ease the worsening housing situation,but in practice has been heavily criticized.The lack of uniform legislation to break the deadlock and local legislation have had a lot to explore.Text by local legislation,operating practice to interpret difficult to find,construction of public rental system is by no means a simple welfare model reconstruction,but to re-examine the central and local government relationship with the market after two self-reflection and rational regression.