农村土地承包经营权流转程序的实践考察与模式分析——以湖南省长沙市经验为例

The Practical Survey and Model Analysis on the Circulation Procedure for the Right of Contractual Management of Rural Land

农村土地流转涉及农民政治身份的变动和农村社会结构的变迁,涉及农民权利保护和地租分配公正性,影响重大而深远。湖南省长沙市在探索土地流转经验过程中形成了两种模式,即以双河村'浔龙河项目'为代表的'政府指导'模式和以长沙农村土地流转交易中心为代表的'市场竞价'模式。就政府定位、交易自由、风险规避、程序规范而言,'市场竞价'模式在总体上优于'政府指导'模式,应予肯定和推广。不过,土地流转带来的更加深刻的社会文化变迁和政治法律挑战并非'市场竞价'模式所能解决,需要侧重政治法律层面进行更强的改革框架设计,其中的诸多问题极具张力,是深化农村改革过程中新的课题指向。

he circulation of rural land concerns the changes of the farmers’political identity and the rural social structure,as well as the protection of the farmers’rights and the fairness of the land tax distribution,which matter greatly and deeply.Two Models concerning land circulation come into being in Changsha City,Hunan Province,which refer to the“Government Guiding”model represented by the“Xunlong River Program”in Shuanghe Village and the“Market Bargaining”Model represented by the Center for Circulation and Transaction of Rural Land of Changsha.As for government position,freedom of transaction,risk elusion and procedural norms,the latter model is better than the former model in general,which should be affirmed and spread.However,the latter model could not solve the profound changes in social culture and laws led by the land circulation.We need stronger design for reform framework,which involves many issues to be studied.