博林布鲁克宪政思想研究——以18世纪英国宪政史为背景

The Research on Constitutional Thought in The Idea of a Patriot King:Based on the British Constitutional History in the 18th Century

尽管博林布鲁克的《爱国者君主观》一文对于18至19世纪的政治思想或说宪政思想的塑造影响深远,但在国内对他的专门研究作品可谓凤毛麟角。本文在此将从其内容含义、对政治实践的影响及在思想史上的关联这三个方面对其进行解读。Issac Kramnick所作的研究结论过于马克思化,这一点已经由J.G.A Pocock指出,但后者也存在没有关注到的地方,那就是博林布鲁克思想的转型。本文即是在对前者的批评与对后者的补正之上立论,关键在于把握博林布鲁克在与沃尔波论战时期一贯秉承的乡村意识形态如何在《爱国者君主观》这一后期作品中发展并实现转型的。为此本文将详解《爱国者君主观》一文中的乡村表达,进而考察它们所造成的现实渊源、影响与思想承续。

Although Bolingbroke’s The Idea of A Patriot King had a great influence on the political thought and the constitutional ideology in the 18 th and even 19 th centuries,domestic research in regard to this specific subject is still rare.This paper intends to analyze the content which contains the influence to political practice and the relevance in the history of political thought in detail.In English-based areas,there were some extraordinary works,such as Issac Kramnick’s and J.G.A Pocock’s works.Though Pocock had pointed that Kramnick’s conclusion was deeply influenced by Marxism.However,even Pocock himself ignored some aspects,like the change of Bolingbroke’s thoughts.This paper mainly bases on criticizing Issac Kramnick’s notion and serves as a supplement of Pocock’s concept.The point of this paper is how Bolingbroke’s thoughts and how his pure country attitude which Bolingbroke had in the 1730 s’ideology debate with Walpore developed in The Idea of a Patriot King.In order to attain these goals listed above,this paper will observe the historical origins,the influences and the continuity of his thoughts.