降低抽油机井杆柱载荷技术组合

Technical combination design of reducing the rod string load in pumping oil wells

针对大庆油田进入特高含水期后,抽油机井出现悬点载荷增大、杆管偏磨严重、抽油杆断脱等井数增多的问题,开展了有关降低抽油机井杆柱载荷技术的设计研究。通过对应用在抽油杆、油管、抽油泵及其配套工具上的降低载荷技术进行分析,设计了普通抽油杆+减磨接箍+涂层油管+低磨阻抽油泵、碳纤维杆+普通油管+常规抽油泵、智能提捞抽油机+柔性绳+碳纤维杆+加重杆+普通油管+超长冲程泵3种杆柱优化组合的方式,分别适用于偏磨严重;悬点载荷大、供液能力强和油层部位深;频繁垢卡和低产低效等不能满足全过程生产需要的井况。通过理论计算和实际应用,在以上3种杆柱优化组合的方式中,悬点载荷最大下降17kN,摩擦系数降低到0.05。通过现场应用的数据可知,这种技术设计为降低抽油机井杆柱载荷提供了技术参考。

Because Daqing Oilfield has entered into the period of super high water cut,the number of problem wells grows,such as the increase of the polished rod load,serious eccentric wear of sucker rod and tubing,and the frequently broken sucker rods.In order to solve the problems mentioned above,the research on the technical design of reducing the rod string load in pumping oil wells has been carried out.Through the analysis of load reduction technology that applied to sucker rod,tubing,sucker pump and its supporting tools,three kinds of optimal combination of rod strings have been designed,including common sucker rod+anti-wear coupling+coated tubing+low friction sucker pump;carbon fiber rod+ordinary tubing+conventional oil pump;intelligent lifting pumping unit+flexible rope+carbon fiber rod+weighted lever+ordinary tubing+ultra-long stroke pump,which fit for those wells that could not meet the requirement of whole process production,such as serious eccentric wear,high polished rod load,strong liquid supply capacity,deep oil reservoir,frequent scaling stuck,low production and low efficiency,etc.Through theoretical calculation and practical application,the maximum polished rod load is lowered by 17 kN and friction coefficient is reduced to 0.05 among the three kinds of optimal combination of rod strings mentioned above.The data of field application showed that the technical design could provide a reference for reducing the rod string load of pumping unit.