新型磷氮膨胀性阻燃剂/OMMT协同阻燃环氧树脂的制备及阻燃性能

Preparation and Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame-retardant Epoxy Resin

在新型膨胀性阻燃剂六(4-DOPO羟甲基苯氧基)环三磷(DOPOMPC)与聚磷酸铵(APP)复配作用的环氧树脂(EP)膨胀阻燃复合材料(DOPOMPC/APP/EP)的基础上,添加有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT)制备了新型磷氮膨胀性阻燃剂/OMMT协同阻燃环氧树脂。用极限氧指数(LOI)、水平燃烧(UL-94)、锥形量热(CONE)、电子显微镜(SEM)观察等方法研究了OMMT与DOPOMPC的协同效应。结果表明,EP4(10%DOPOMPC/10%APP/3%OMMT/77%EP)复合材料的各项燃烧参数综合表现最优,其LOI值达到36.8%,热释放速率峰值(pk-HRR)、有效燃烧热平均值(av-EHC)、比消光面积平均值(av-SEA)、一氧化碳释放率平均值(av-CO)较纯EP(EP0)分别下降了78.4%、62.2%、57.8%和50.0%,呈现出更加优良的阻燃和抑烟性能。其原因是,添加OMMT的阻燃材料在燃烧初期形成的炭层更致密、坚硬。

6(4-of DOPO hydroxymethyl phenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene(DOPOMPC) and ammonium polyphosphate(APP) were mixed and the mixture was further added to epoxy resin(EP) to prepare a basis expansion flame retardant composite(DOPOMPC/APP/EP).An organic modified montmorillonite(OMMT) was then added to the composite in order to further improve the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the epoxy resin.The synergistic effect of OMMT and DOPOMPC were studied by limiting oxygen index(LOI) measurement,UL-94 horizontal burning tester(UL- 94),cone calorimeter(CONE),SEM observation and other methods.Results showed that the EP4(10%DOPOMPC/10%APP/3%OMMT/EP)was the best with comprehensive combustion parameters,such as its peak heat release rate(pk-HRR),average effective heat of combustion(av-EHC),average extinction area(av-SEA) and carbon monoxide average release rate(av- CO) could be reduced by 78.4%,62.2%,57.8% and 50.0% respectively of those for pure EP,besides,its LOI value reached 36.8% as well.This kind of composite showed good performance in flame retardance and smoke suppression.Furthermore,the addition of OMMT may facilitate the formation of a much compact and hard carbon scale on the surface of the EP4 during the initial stage of combustion.