宜昌地区不同茶树品种夏秋季鲜叶主要理化指标研究

Study on Main Chemical Components of Different Tea Varieties in Summer and Autumn in Yichang Area

文章对宜昌茶区主栽品种的夏秋季鲜叶主要理化指标进行测定,并采用主成分分析和聚类分析进行系统评价。结果表明,这些茶树样品的理化指标变异幅度大,存在丰富的多样性,14个理化指标平均变异系数达到26.58%;主成分分析得到5个主成分,累计贡献率达到87.74%;通过聚类分析,可将34份样品分为4个类群,类群间水浸出物、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶多酚、儿茶素含量、EGCG、ECG及酚氨比等8个理化指标间存在显著差异,其余理化指标含量均相对一致;类群Ⅰ、类群Ⅱ适制绿茶,类群Ⅲ适制红茶,类群Ⅳ各理化指标含量适中,红绿茶均可适当加工,更适宜制作绿茶。

In this paper,the main chemical components of fresh tea leaves in summer and autumn of Yichang tea area were determined,and principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for systematic evaluation.The results showed that the chemical components of these samples had large variation and rich diversity,the average Coefficient of Variation(CV)of 14 chemical compositions was 26.58%.By the principal component analysis,5 principal components were identified,which represented 87.75%of the chemical components.By the cluster analysis,34 samples could be divided into 4 categories,which showed significantly difference in water extracts,free amino acids,caffeine,polyphenols,catechins,EGCG,ECG and ratio of polyphenols/amino acids,while other chemical components were relatively consistent.CategoryⅠandⅡwere suitable for green tea processing,CategoryⅡwas suitable for black tea processing,CategoryⅣwas suitable for black tea processing and more suitable for green tea processing.