开放、竞争与中国企业表现:一个文献综述

Openness,Competition and the Performance of Chinese Enterprises:A Literature Review

近年来,中国企业在生产率、创新等方面的表现成为学术界关注的焦点。以开放和竞争为主线,现有文献从以下方面对涉及中国企业表现的问题进行了探索:首先,利用宏微观数据对开放与竞争环境下企业的表现进行定量测算,并围绕国有企业如何改善表现展开争论;其次,比较不同类型中国企业的表现,寻找中国企业表现的共同点;再次,在竞争视角下,竞争影响企业表现的不同机制,强调了对外开放、市场竞争与企业内部环境的作用;最后,探索中国企业进一步改革的方向,已有改革的效果,以及国有企业改革面临的困难。

In recent years,the performance of Chinese enterprises in productivity,innovation and other aspects has become the focus of attention in the academic circle.Taking opening and competition as the main line,the existing literature has explored the problems involved in the performance of Chinese enterprises from the following aspects:First of all,using macro and micro data to quantify the performance of enterprises under the open and competitive environment,and discuss how the state-owned enterprises improve their performance;secondly,comparing the performance of different types of Chinese enterprises and looking for the common point of Chinese enterprise performance;thirdly,in the perspective of competition,competition affects the different mechanisms of enterprise performance,and emphasizes the role of opening to the outside world,market competition and the internal environment of the enterprise;finally,to explore the direction of the further reform of Chinese enterprises,the effect of the reform and the difficulties faced by the reform of the state-owned enterprises.