高产稳产优质柞蚕新品种辽蚕582的选育

Breeding of a New Chinese Oak Silkworm Variety Liaocan 582 with High Productivity and Superior Quality

以蚕茧高产、稳产,全茧量雌雄开差小作为柞蚕新品种的选育目标,选择柞蚕高饲料效率品种8821及其早熟、大型雄性成虫突变个体为亲本材料,采用杂交和系统分离的育种方法,历经10年19代育成了高产、优质,对柞蚕微粒子病有一定耐受性的柞蚕新品种辽蚕582。新品种属青黄蚕系统,二化性、四眠,秋蚕期的千粒茧质量为11.38 kg,全茧量雌雄开差率春、秋蚕季平均为25.37%,比对照品种8821缩小20.42%,平均一粒茧丝长1 219.38 m,解舒率57.98%,生丝回收率为70.13%。新品种感染柞蚕微孢子虫(Nosema pernyi,Np)的雌蛾产卵孵化的幼虫在室内正常条件下饲养,其结茧率为73.60%,比对照品种青六号提高28.22%;Np对新品种4~5龄幼虫的半数致死剂量(LD50)比对照品种8821高2.82倍,比青六号高7.10倍。新品种在小区品种比较试验及繁种试验中,蚕茧产量分别比对照品种8821增加9.39%、19.20%。综上认为,辽蚕582是丰产、稳产性好,全茧量雌雄开差较小,茧丝加工工艺性状优良并对柞蚕微粒子病感染有一定耐受性的品种,适合在二化性蚕区放养。

By taking high and stable productivity and low difference rate between female and male cocoon weights as the breeding targets for new Chinese oak silkworm variety,a tussah variety named 8821 with high feed efficiency and its male mutant individuals with early maturation and large adult body were used as parental materials. A new tussah silkworm variety named Liaocan 582 with high productivity,superior cocoon quality and certain tolerability to pebrine infection was obtained from a 10-year and 19-generation breeding effort using hybridization and system isolation methods. This new variety is of green-yellow silkworm strain with bivoltine and fourmolter features. One thousand cocoon weight of this variety was 11. 38 kg in autumn. The average difference rate of female and male cocoon weights was 25. 37 % in spring and autumn,being 20. 42 % lower than that of the contrast variety 8821. Its average one cocoonfilament length was 1 219. 38 m,reelability was 57. 98 %,and raw silk recovery rate was 70. 13 %. Larvae hatched from eggs laid by female moths of this new variety which had been infected by tussah pebrine( Nosema pernyi,Np) could be raised under normal in-door condition. The cocooning rate was 73. 60 %,being 28. 22 % higher than that of the contrast variety Qing 6. Median lethal dose( LD50) of the 4th to 5th instar larvae of the new variety to Np infection was 2. 82 and 7. 10 times higher than thatof the contrast varieties 8821 and Qing 6 respectively. Plot variety comparative test and egg-production test revealed that cocoon output of Liaocan 582 were 9. 39 % and 19. 20 % higher than that of the contrast variety 8821 respectively. In conclusion,Liaocan 582 is a new tussah variety with high and stable productivity,with low difference rate between female and male cocoon weights,with excellent reeling performance,and with certain tolerability to pebrine infection. It is suitable for out-door rearing in bivoltine tussah silkworm region.