太湖竺山湾支浜草本植物种类构成与分布

Species composition and distribution characteristics of herbaceous plants in branch creeks of Zhushan Bay of Taihu

研究支浜植物种类构成与分布特征,了解植物群落结构与生长习性,将有助于退化支浜系统的结构修复与功能完善。本研究选取太湖水污染最严重的竺山湾区域,采用点线面相结合的方法,按岸带、岸坡和水中不同区域调查各支浜植被的组成特征与生长状况。调查共统计了20科38属40种草本植物,其中,禾本科最多,其次是菊科和豆科。基于研究区10条支浜植被的调查,90%支浜多年生植物种类在60%以下,70%支浜岸带和岸坡植被盖度在80%以下,水中植被盖度普遍在60%以下。岸带以人工栽培植物居多,岸坡和水中主要为自然植被。区域内多年生常绿草本植物较少,植被世代更替快,易产生枯落物。90%的支浜植被存在不同程度的退化。

The study about species composition and distribution characteristics of herb plant and understanding of plant community structure and growth habit will help to repair the structure and improve the function of degraded branch creek system.In the present study,Zhushan Bay area which was the most serious water pollution area in Taihu was selected,and the vegetation composition characteristics and growing status in different regions of this area were investigated with a method based on combination of point,line and surface.The results showed that there were 20families,38genera,40species of herbaceous plants in the study area.Gramineae density was the highest,followed by Compositae and Leguminosae.Based on the vegetation investigation on ten branch creeks of study area,the perennial vegetation species were less than 60%in 90%of branch creeks.The vegetation coverage of bank strips and bank slope were less than 80%in 70%of branch creeks,and the vegetation coverage of water were generally less than60%.Bank strips were mainly covered with artificial cultivated plant,while slope and water were dominated by natural vegetation.The evergreen herbaceous vegetation was less in this area so that the vegetation alternation of generations was fast and the litter easily produced.Vegetation degradation with different degrees was observed in 90%of branch creeks.