三江源区“黑土滩”型退化草地时空变化

Spatial and temporal variations of Black Soil Type degraded grassland in the Three River Source Region

"黑土滩"型退化草地易引起三江源区生态环境的急剧恶化,准确及时地了解"黑土滩"型退化草地的时空分布,对三江源地区草地退化的治理和生态环境的保护具有重要作用。本研究以三江源区典型"黑土滩"型退化草地——青海达日县境内的项目试验区作为研究区,对比该区域2007年6月29日的QuickBird影像和7月1日的Landsat TM影像,结果表明,Landsat TM影像解译精度较低,但足以满足"黑土滩"退化草地的监测。利用Landsat TM资料分析了该区域2000、2007和2011年"黑土滩"退化草地的时空变化,结果显示,2000-2007年,非黑土滩总面积减小,草地呈现退化趋势,黑土滩总面积增大;2007-2011年,非黑土滩总面积增大,黑土滩总面积减小,草地退化和黑土滩扩展趋势得到有效遏制。说明三江源区生态保护和建设工程在"黑土滩"综合治理方面成效显著。

The Black Soil Type Degraded grassland can lead to rapidly ecological environment deteriorated in Three River Source Region.The accurate and timely investigation of the spatial and temporal variations characteristics played an important role for the protection of ecological environment in Three River Source Region.The comparisons of the QuickBird images on June 29,2007 and the Landsat TM images on July 1,2007 in Dari County in Qinghai showed that Landsat TM images had low interpretation precision although it was still enough for the present area monitor.The spatial and temporal variations of Black Soil Type Degraded grassland in 2000,2007,and 2011 were analyzed using Landsat TM data.From 2000 to 2007,the total areas of the non black soil patch decreased and the areas of the black soil patch increased which suggested that the grassland tended to degrade From 2007 to 2011,the total areas of the non black soil patch increased and the areas of the black soil patch decreased which suggested the grassland degradation and black soil patch extension trend were effectively inhibited.These inhibitions suggested that the ecological protection and construction in Three River Source Region had achieved remarkable success in comprehensive treatments of Black Soil Type Degraded grassland.