施肥对羊草产量和品质的影响

Fertilization effects on hay yield and quality of Leymus chinensis

在宁夏盐池县城西滩试验田,以中科2号羊草(Leymus chinensis cv.‘Zhongke No.2’)为材料,系统分析了氮磷钾肥对干草产量、品质及养分吸收的影响。结果表明,肥料配施可显著增加干草产量(P<0.05),氮磷钾肥配施产草量为9 450 kg·hm-2,较不施肥处理增产1.3倍,氮磷肥配施较不施肥处理增产1.2倍;肥料配施单位经济产量氮、磷、钾吸收量显著高于肥料单施,氮磷钾肥配施效果最优,吸氮量高出不施肥处理43.4%,吸磷量高出1.1倍,吸钾量高出30.5%;施肥显著增加了羊草粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量,降低了粗纤维、灰分和无氮浸出物含量,提高了羊草品质,肥料配施效果优于肥料单施,氮磷肥配施粗蛋白含量为9.19%,高出不施肥处理4.03百分点,粗纤维含量较不施肥处理下降1.56百分点;氮磷肥配施经济效益最佳,为9 717元·hm-2,较不施肥处理增收96.2%,建议同类地区推广施用。

The present paper analyzed the effects of combined applications of nitrogen,phosphate and potassium on the hay grass yield,quality and nutrient uptake using Leymus chinensis cv ‘Zhongke No. 2'in field of west beach at Yanchi county,Ningxia. The results showed that combined fertilizers application significantly improved the yield of hay grass which was 9 450 kg·hm- 2and 1. 3 times of the control without fertilizers if applied with N,P and K fertilizer and 1. 2 times of the control without fertilizers if applied with N and P fertilizers. The economic output per unit with combined fertilizers application was significantly higher than the single application of fertilizer. The combined fertilizers of N,P and K fertilizers was optimal with more 43. 4% N,1. 1 times P and 30. 5% P absorption compared with the control without fertilizers. Fertilization significantly increased crude protein and crude fat contents and reduced crude fiber,ash and nitrogen-free extract contents which improved the quality of L. chinensis.With combined N and P fertilizers,the crude protein content was 9. 19% and increased by 4. 03 percentage point and the crude fiber content decreased by 1. 56 percentage point compared with the control without fertilizers which suggested that the combined fertilizers application was better than the single application of fertilizer and combined N and P fertilizers has the highest economic outputs of 9 717 CNY·hm- 2and increased by 96. 2% compared with the control without fertilizers. Based on these results,the combined N and P fertilizers was suggested to applied in the similar region.