市场垄断程度对出口企业技术升级的影响研究

Study on How Market Monopoly Extent Affects Export Firms’ Technology Upgrading

利用1998—2007年中国企业层面的微观数据,通过构建行业层面的市场势力溢价来衡量市场垄断程度,采用系统GMM估计方法,本文实证考察了市场垄断程度对中国出口企业技术升级的影响。研究发现,市场垄断程度降低对我国出口企业的技术升级存在显著的积极影响。市场垄断程度越低,出口企业选择的技术升级程度会相对越高;市场垄断程度越高,出口企业的技术升级程度会相对越低。本文的研究表明,相比于垄断的市场环境,竞争激烈的市场环境所产生的竞争压力将有利于出口企业进行较高程度的技术升级。为此,政府应该采取相关措施努力营造自由公平的竞争性市场环境。

Using Chinese firm-level micro data from 1998 to 2007 and system GMM estimation method,this paper analyzes the effect of the market monopoly extent on Chinese export firms’technology upgrading by constructing industries’market power to measure the market monopoly extent.The result shows that the decrease of the market monopoly extent has significant positive effect on the technology upgrading of Chinese export firms.In the market with the lower degree of monopoly,the export firms will choose relative higher level of technology upgrading,while in the market with the higher degree of monopoly,the level of technology upgrading of export firms will be relatively lower.This paper implies that compared to the market environment with monopoly,competition pressures arising from the competitive market environment will help export firms to conduct technology upgrading.Therefore,the government should take measures to create a free and fair competitive market environment.